未来的组织pdf下载 德鲁克 the organization of the future

未来的组织pdf下载 the organization of the future
自19世纪六七十年代以来的一个多世纪里，组织都是以所有权为基础的。只要公司认为是涉及公司本身的事务，公司就对其拥有所有权或至少是控制权。虽然有独立供应商和分销商存在，但是他们是“局外人”。公司本身以所有权为支撑，实行命令加控制式的管理体制。尽管这还是传统的公司结构，但命令加控制式的体制越来越多地被各种各样的关系（联盟、合资、少量参股、合作、技术和市场营销协议)所取代或掺杂在一起。在这些关系下，没有人施加控制和发布命令，然而这些关系必须建立在对任务、政策和战略的共同理解之上，建立在团队合作之上，建立在共同的信仰之上，否则就不会发挥任何作用。在那时，传统的以所有权为基础的命令加控制式组织是永恒的，而很多新型关系是暂时的和特别的。
For over a century since the 1960s and 1970s, organizations have been based on ownership. As long as a company deemed it to be its own affairs, the company held ownership or at least control. While independent suppliers and distributors existed, they were considered "outsiders." Companies themselves operated under a command-and-control management system supported by ownership. Although this remained a traditional organizational structure, the command-and-control system has increasingly been replaced or mixed with various relationships (alliances, joint ventures, minority stakes, collaborations, technology and marketing agreements). In these relationships, no one exerts control or issues commands, yet they must be built on a common understanding of tasks, policies, and strategies, founded on teamwork and shared beliefs, or else they will not be effective. At that time, traditional ownership-based command-and-control organizations were considered permanent, while many new relationships were temporary and specific.